Weakened or damaged vein valves prevent proper blood flow toward the heart. When valves fail, blood flows backward, increasing pressure in the veins. This can cause swelling, varicose veins, and skin changes.

Common causes of venous insufficiency include:

• Age: As you get older, the risk of valve dysfunction increases.
• Family History: A family history of vein problems can make you more susceptible.
• Prolonged Standing or Sitting: Occupations or activities that require long periods of standing or sitting may contribute to venous insufficiency.
• Pregnancy: Hormonal changes and increased pressure on veins during pregnancy can increase the risk.
• Obesity: Carrying excess weight puts additional pressure on the veins in your legs.

The symptoms of venous insufficiency can range from mild to severe and may include:

• Swelling in the legs or ankles
• Leg pain or aching
• The appearance of varicose veins
• Skin discoloration or texture changes
• Open sores or ulcers near the ankles